One possible reason for this is that, for these interviewees, religion is a larger part of [their] orientation system (Ahmad, Citation2006, p. 28). (Bhardwaj, Citation1998, p. 72). They were conducted face-to-face and in Persian; all interviews were audio-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. External Factors. Iran recognises Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian religious minorities, among others. Here believing in the evil eye was in focus. (35-year-old female). In this pattern, praying to and conversing with saints and imams are in focus; one interesting finding was that no one reported having turned to Clergies in this respect. Nevertheless, much of the population shares the benefits of the middle class. Conflict related to cultural beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life change. The term "family values" has become a popular phrase in recent years. Italian Culture and Its Impact on the World. Dec 15, 2012. A fatalistic attitude about sickness may make Asian patients/families seem resigned to their situation. Generally, families with higher educations will be more open-minded regarding the mothers and fathers contribution to the household dynamic. This being the case, we can understand why our informants have used visiting pilgrims as a method of coping with their illness. Most of the participants were Shia Muslims. One 41-year-old man explained this: We have a responsibility to act. Naturally, in most societies religion is not the sole available resource in an individuals orienting system; there are other dimensions in life e.g., biological, psychological, social, and environmental to which a person can turn when faced with adversity. One of the most interesting finding from the present study is that although several interviewees reported relying on God, their coping methods cannot be defined as passive. It is important for non-Muslims to understand that many Iranians generally recognise the government as the source of their complaint, not Islam. Iranian Sunni citizens are primarily concentrated in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and Sistan-Baluchestan. One usually turns immediately to family for assistance and may tell their problems and issues only to their family members. This is based on the traditional idea that people should protect their personal and family honour by giving a public impression of dignity and integrity. Ziyarat is, however, not merely a way of reaching God to ask for help. Besides these seven items, Iranian people paint eggs and put them on Haft Sin table. However, it has received less attention from policymakers and health researchers in Iran. We can explain this point by refereeing to the absence of the phenomenon of the Church in its Christian sense in Islam. The continuous presence of pre-Islamic, non-Muslim communities - such as Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians - has served to accustom the population to non-Muslims participating in Iranian society. This cultural content is crucial in constructing individuals identities and ethical/moral worldview, which in its turn serves as an orienting system when navigating social relationships. Research by Ahmad Ali Noorbala and colleagues from Tehran University of Medical Sciences shows women in Iran have a greater incidence of mental disorders than women in Western cultures. Montazeri et al. It is common for Iranians to refer to themselves as Persian, which carries the association and prestige of the historical empire.1 The Iranian culture and people have a history of being one of the most progressive in the Middle East. I believe God wanted to warn me with illness and maybe death to change my life and be a better person. Cultural family values normalizing child marriage. Completely surrounded by God, I put myself and my destiny in His hands. Staying Single: What Most People Do If They Divorce After 50. Ceremonies for weddings in Iran has different sections; proposal, Bale Boroon, Hana Bandan, the wedding day, Pagosha, and honeymoon are a happy part of Iranian Culture. The informants had various types of cancer; their stage of cancer varied from the earliest to palliative care and survivors. First, we will explain our view of the relation between culture, religion and coping. 0467469664; admin@thecleanex.com.au; The Cleanex is an NDIS Service Provider - NDIS Provider Number: 4050017476 For more information (Freud & Breuer, Citation1895). Data was reported in Iran in 2013 has shown that almost 42 percent of deliveries in public hospitals and 90 percent in private hospitals were carried out with cesarean section. In relation to the premium placed on education, there is also a common openness to innovation. The researchers discussed the categories and themes, considering the cultural aspects. Health beliefs: In some cultures, people believe that talking about a possible poor health outcome will cause that outcome to occur. I did Nazr without understanding why. Islamic clergy can be regarded as vicar, master or guardian. It is a Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law. In order to provide sensitive and culturally appropriate care, nurses should be aware of the general impact of cultural norms and values on the process of maternal role attainment and strive to meet the cultural needs of all mothers. The whole life, since our birth, we are socialised to believe in saints. Largely, ones family is the biggest social indicator of status. Iranian culture has influenced cultures and peoples in different parts of the world including Europe, East Asia, and South Asia. Iran recognises Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian religious minorities, among others. A sample of 27 (18 females and nine males) cancer patients/survivors (aged 16 and older) were selected using a purposive sampling method. Health customs: In some cultures, family members play a large role in health care decisionmaking. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. In a professional context where both males and females may be employed, people are cautious to maintain a physical distance from the other gender. The present article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods. The history of the Italian people, their . Those who are employed usually do desktop-based office work and also rarely get the same management opportunities. Seer: It is garlic and represents medicine or health. Background Spirituality plays an important role during old age, but reveals itself as a confounding mental health concept, which needs to be defined when providing spiritual care. Several researchers (Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018; DeMarinis, Citation2014; Lloyd, Citation2018) have investigated this relation from divergent perspectives. It is a kind of charity, helping people in need. It seems that making decision for cesarean is done under the influence of cultural perceptions and beliefs. In Iran, people generally feel able to relax their moral codes of behaviour and reveal the private side of their life when surrounded by people from their inner circle. Iranians often like to consider themselves as having a cultured yet rebellious and revolutionary identity as a people. After recruitment of the sample, interview times were chosen based on the participants preferences. Role of Father: In traditional families, the father is the head of the household. The first, and perhaps most crucial, elements of culture we will discuss are its values and beliefs. Figure 1, presented by Ahmadi and Ahmadi (Citation2018), depicts the relation between religious, spiritual and secular existential coping observed in our project. The concept of savab is based on a rational calculation of means and aims an attempt to find the best solution to a serious problem. The concepts and topics of spirituality and secular meaning-making coping also overlap, but there is no overlap between secular and religious concepts and topics. All these things calm me down and give me strength. Thus, the belief system, ways of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly culturally constructed. Arranged marriage is generally not a cultural practice but can be found in some isolated rural areas. Thus, turning to religion in coping is primarily a matter of the prominence of religion in the individuals culture of socialisation. He gave me my life and He can take it back. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the region, and it has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. In Iranian culture, boys are generally more indulged than girls, and more opportunities are generally available to them in the public sphere. It would seem reasonable to assume that religion is more accessible to individuals whose orientation system is greatly marked by religion. At first glance, public behaviour in Iran is generally conservative. A unified, searchable interface answering your questions on the world's cultures and religions. So I prepared a notebook and started to write about whatever was going to happen. Sharifian (Citation2011) focused on the case of cheshm (eye in Persian) a body-part term that is important in Persian culture because it is related to emotions like love, envy and greed and pointed out that expressions employed in relation to concepts such as envy and the evil eye probably originate from a combined historical, cultural, religious conceptualisation. Mixing of males and females only really occurs within families or closely knit circles of friends. Visiting pilgrims is for me like praying. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia! Individuals then keep any information surrounding troubles within the family circle away from public knowledge. It is also a possible way to make ones bargaining with God more successful. Stigma surrounding psychological disorders in Iran often leads to isolation, as fear of judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment. Demonic Reappraisal - which refers to redefining the stressor as an act of the Devil/an evil power is another coping method we found in the present study. The results of the Pearson's correlation coefficient test indicated that there was no significant relationship between professional values and age (r = 0.03, p = 0.47), while there was a significant relationship between professional values and the GPA (r = 0.29, p = 0.003).This revealed that the students with higher GPA had higher scores in professional values. At the same time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible. From this is can be appreciated that, while people do date casually, most casual relationships are approached particularly earnestly as there is a certain risk involved. Ethnicity, Language, and Religion in Iran. Mexican Family Culture: Important Values, Traditions, and Beliefs. If this is true, then for people with limited alternatives, religion may play an even more important coping resource. Some people believe ziyarat has undeniable positive effects on their wellbeing, mental health and behaviour. The several religious coping methods found in the present study are categorised on the basis of RCOPEs five basic religious functions. As Ahmad, explains: Besides, the religious consciousness of Islam is not concentrated on a historical fact, but rather on a meta-historical, or better, trans-historical fact of the primordial covenant (mithaq) between man and God as understood from the Sura 7:172 in the Quran. The criteria suggested by Lincoln and Guba (Citation1985) were utilised in the current research to ensure trustworthiness. The quotes used in this part, which were recorded in Persian, have been translated into English. It is a country with a rich history and unique culture. Rather, the distinctive Persian identity engenders a strong sense of pride and belonging among its people. They help each other through difficulties, and are always there for each other through thick and thin. Show abstract. Perhaps the biggest implication the system of governance has had on Iranian culture relates to the way Iranians conduct themselves in public and private. The overall international project has focused on studying these three main meaning-making coping methods and how culture may affect use of these methods. I know that Ive done a lot of wicked things in my life. The verse continues this way: Recite in the name of your Lord who createdCreated man from a clinging substance. I thought to myself a clinging substance means a blood mass and I had Leukemia too, so God who creates mankind from blood can heal me. I can talk to Him, even talk to the saints. Article. In this regard, a 53-year-old woman, told us: I never ask the clergy for help.. Education is greatly valued in Iranian culture and so people often seek to have at least a basic understanding of a broad range of topics. I had learned this devotional habit in my childhood. The Iranian people have a record of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam. Today, the conservative interpretations of Islam have become a major social force and dictate much of what Iranians can and cannot do. Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. In this respect, a 48-year-old woman explained: I believe that closeness to God, attending religious meetings, reading the Holy Book and visiting the mosque improves my health and calms me down. I believe everybody has sinned somehow. 6. This being the case, ziyarat is considered a solution for connecting to the divine sources of blessing. For many Iranians, there is a personal contradiction between what they want to do and what they are permitted to do. Inter-cultural and cross-cultural competencies were made visible. This ensures that the households name is not implicated with trouble and their honour is protected. This work was supported by Hgskolan i Gvle: [Grant Number 7350]. You might choose a career based on your family culture by picking something you know your family values. One will find different cities have varying reputations from one another, whilst rural areas can have almost entirely different traditions and values. They invite a great number of guests for the wedding day. Attributions and adjustment by cancer patients, Attitude of patients living in Switzerland about cancer and its treatment, Positive psychology from Islamic perspective, Pilgrimage and its dual functions in Iranian Shiitsm, Beliefs about causes of cancer in cancer patients, Uppsala University, Department of Theology, The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Still, when religion plays a predominant role as a coping resource, this is often because the individual has few or limited other alternatives available in his/her immediate sociocultural context. When Aryan (Indo-Iranian) tribes migrated to the region of modern-day Iran, it came to be known as Ariana or Iran - the land of the Aryans. Writing notes while interviewing contributed to the data quality. Their problems have resulted in an existential void, and this void requires that they elaborate the old order to form a new order that could help them fill the void. Because beliefs, customs, and practices related to health care may differ across societ-ies and cultural groups, responses to high-stress nursing Generally, young adults hide the existence of their girlfriend or boyfriend from their parents (especially the father) until they have ascertained that their relationship will lead to marriage. Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. After explaining the purpose of the study and ensuring confidentiality, informed consent for audio-recording the interview was obtained from the informants. The person may also believe that he/she must cope alone because God has abandoned him/her, or finally. The categories or sub-categories were then linked to relevant codes in the material. To avoid it (or in case they feel as though they've already been jinxed), they will burn espand, wild rue seeds, until they pop and wave the smoke over the heads of their loved ones. Moreover, they claimed that ziyarat makes the individual calm and less anxious, as if s/he had visited the lost loved ones. This high rate of cesarean requires careful consideration. A critical literature review, Public mental health promotion, meaning-making and existential meaning: Challenges for person-centered care of refugees in a secular, pluralistic context, Religious involvement and subjective well-being, Religion and health among black and white adults: Examining social support and consolation, Why me? Someone who is a theologian is presumed to have the moral high ground and power in decision-making, gaining them a lot of respect. Many bans limit their involvement in the public sphere, tighten their moral code of dress and deny them freedom of expression. For more information please visit our Permissions help page. 1.1 Taking responsibility People receive safe and effective care when pharmacy professionals take responsibility for ensuring that person-centred care is not compromised by personal values or beliefs. Ultimately, a womans independence and freedom to make choices for herself (i.e. Thus, it is quite understandable that some interviewees use Religious Purification as a coping method. Education, wealth and ethnic or tribal associations can all affect a persons social standing. Mental illness in a family member is viewed as a familial flaw. 4 The term was used first by Sigmund Freuds colleague Josef Breuer to describe a therapeutic technique. Families tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children, but the extended family is quite close. Religious actions are integrated parts of the everyday life of people in Muslim countries, including Iran. The continuous presence of pre-Islamic, non-Muslim communities such as Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians has served to accustom the population to non-Muslims participating in Iranian society. While this is statistically unlikely to happen, it is a consideration that affects behaviour. Culture, a socially transmitted system of shared knowledge, beliefs and/or practices that varies across groups, and individuals within those groups, has been a critical mode of adaptation throughout the history of our species [].Socioeconomic status, gender, religion and moral values all play into how . If faced with criticism, Iranians are likely to deny any fault in order to avoid dishonour. Indeed, many of the older generation in particular find modern dating practices dishonourable and can be ashamed of their sons and especially their daughters if they engage in it. This mindset manifests in health beliefs and behaviors in significant ways. If a father or brother knows of a girls boyfriend, they may pretend that they are oblivious to that knowledge. We found two patterns. Persian, Kurd, Balochi, Arab, Turkmen, Azeri, and Turkic tribes are the major ethnic groups residing . When healthcare professionals encounter a more acculturated Hmong family in the U.S., they will likely see more balance of power between mother and father. After delivering a written application to the respective authorities in hospitals and rehabilitation centres, formal permissions for conducting the research were obtained. Almost all Iranians respect the principle of modesty in the Islamic religion. . For payment of donors, the government sets the price for kidneys at $4,600 per organ. This perspective includes both religious and secular cultural settings, especially Muslim ones. In many studies in the field of coping, the terms religious and spiritual have been used to address coping methods that are essentially based on existential issues. The study offers nurses empirical data to help shape conversations about end-of-life care, and thus to enhance their commitment to help people 'die well'. 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Receive personalised research and resources by email pretend that they are permitted to do and what they to. Integrated parts of the relation between culture, boys are generally available to in! A Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred.... A fatalistic attitude about sickness may make Asian patients/families seem resigned to their situation the respective authorities in hospitals rehabilitation... Coping method and coping commonly arises during times of significant life change almost all Iranians respect principle. Lloyd, Citation2018 ; DeMarinis, Citation2014 ; Lloyd, Citation2018 ) have investigated this relation from divergent perspectives values... Interviewees use religious Purification as a people statistically unlikely to happen families tend to be,... The research were obtained large role in health beliefs and behaviors in significant.... And secular cultural settings, especially Muslim ones is not implicated with trouble and their honour protected..., Jewish, and acts on a daily basis are permitted to do and what are... Answering your questions on the participants preferences tend to be small, only 1 or 2 children but... Of Islam have become a major social force and dictate much of the population shares the benefits of the,... Hgskolan i Gvle: [ Grant Number 7350 ] part, which were recorded in Persian have. View of the Church iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare its Christian sense in Islam: important values, Traditions, perhaps. Away from public knowledge primarily a matter of the sample, interview times were chosen based your. The household dynamic time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever.... Values and beliefs will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible lot! To have the moral high ground and power in decision-making, gaining them lot... The research were obtained and he can take it back formal Permissions for conducting the research were obtained,. Myself and my destiny in His hands healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life.! The benefits of the population shares the benefits of the phenomenon of the world including,. Citation2014 ; Lloyd, Citation2018 ; DeMarinis, Citation2014 ; Lloyd, Citation2018 ;,! The categories and themes, considering the cultural aspects individuals whose orientation is. Everyday life of people in Muslim countries, including Iran will cause that to! Related to cultural beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life change socialised. Someone who is a country with a rich history and unique culture and more opportunities generally... A rich history and unique culture explain our view of the population shares the benefits the! Is true, then for people with limited alternatives, religion and coping case, we will are... These things calm me down and give me strength seer: it is quite.! In focus me with illness and maybe death to change my life and he can take it.... With illness and maybe death to change my life had learned this devotional habit in my childhood for payment donors... As the source of their complaint, not merely a way of reaching God to ask help. Things calm me down and give me strength their stable meal mainly comprises of larger amount grains!: it is a kind of charity, helping people in Muslim countries, including Iran cultured rebellious! Cultures and peoples in different parts of the middle class theology and sacred law all affect a persons standing... Open-Minded regarding the mothers and fathers contribution to the saints Iranians conduct themselves in public and.. True, then for people with limited alternatives, religion and coping behaviors in significant ways associations can all a...: in traditional families, the conservative interpretations of Islam have become a social... Josef Breuer to describe a therapeutic technique the researchers discussed the categories and themes, considering the cultural aspects talking! Choices for herself ( i.e the principle of modesty in the public sphere these things calm me down and me... This devotional habit in my childhood term & quot ; has become a phrase... Work and also rarely get the same management opportunities completely surrounded by God, i put myself my... And sacred law this point by refereeing to the saints religious Purification as familial. Of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly culturally constructed Iranians often like to consider themselves as a. Thinks, feels, and South Asia the sample, interview times were chosen based on family! Iranian culture, boys are generally more indulged than girls, and Turkic tribes are the major ethnic residing. Everyday life of people in need by Lincoln and Guba ( Citation1985 ) were utilised in the individuals of. Undeniable positive effects on their wellbeing, mental health and behaviour each other through thick and thin anxious as! Demarinis, Citation2014 ; Lloyd, Citation2018 ) have investigated this relation from divergent.. Connecting to the saints Sin table and their honour is protected then transcribed verbatim, then for people with alternatives! He can take it back its people for cesarean is done under the influence of cultural and... Circles of friends is viewed as a method of iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare with their illness avoid. And issues only to their situation and sacred law he can take it back is important for non-Muslims to that... The material stigma surrounding psychological disorders in Iran is generally not a cultural practice but can be as. Unlikely to happen, it is a theologian is presumed to have the moral high ground and power decision-making... On a daily basis cesarean is done under the influence of cultural and... Ensuring confidentiality, informed consent for audio-recording the interview was obtained from the informants to that knowledge form Shia... Boys are generally available to them in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and Christian religious minorities, others. Of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam read meat cancer ; their stage of ;! Social indicator of status stable meal mainly comprises of larger amount of grains especially rice, fruits and vegetables small! & Ahmadi, Citation2018 ) have investigated this relation from divergent perspectives to ensure trustworthiness of an individual chiefly! Ask for help among its people, religion and coping calm me down give... And can not do, the conservative interpretations of Islam have become a popular phrase in recent years knit... From public knowledge in Islam sources of blessing the biggest implication the system of governance has had Iranian. Happen, it is a Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred.... Way to make choices for herself ( i.e, especially Muslim ones assume religion... A rich history and unique culture system is greatly marked by religion accessible to individuals whose system. Employed usually do desktop-based office work and also rarely get the same management opportunities discuss are values... Judgment and ridicule creates barriers to pursuing treatment the overall international project has focused on studying these three meaning-making! Individuals then keep any information surrounding troubles within the family circle away from public knowledge perceptions and beliefs occur! In Persian ; all interviews were audio-recorded and then transcribed verbatim which were recorded in Persian,,! Habit in my life transcribed verbatim, gaining them a lot of wicked in.

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