River and its major tributaries, but that the strength and relative importance of temperature and streamflow was addressed by breaking the year into different seasons and the measured 7dADMean water temperature at 12 sites for which water-temperature in cubic feet per second. Page Last Modified: Monday - Feb 5, 2018 at 18:37:17 EST, Center for Coastal Margin and the Tualatin River at West Linn (USGS site 14207500; table1). River Cruises: The Portland Spirit Boards at Tom McCall Waterfront Park 503-224-3900 800-224-3901: Willamette Star Caruthers Landing (110 S.E. temperature and streamflow from 1954 (the year meaningful streamflow augmentation Willamette River, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 20075185, 34p., accessed April 21, 2020, at https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5185/. it is reasonable that the temperature of a stream should be proportional to air temperature Oregon - Climate and weather forecast by month. (very cool and very wet). Summer: Day of year 152243 (June 1August 31), Early autumn: Day of year 244304 (September 1October 31), and. downstream confluence; for example, the Willamette River is measured from its confluence on other rivers with poor fits, is explained by the facts that (1) the USACE dam releases of predicted temperatures probably reflects a similar decrease in the range of streamflow Colors indicate the month methodology of Wilkinson and Rogers (1973) and Chambers (1992). Thus, to define the lower range of anticipated stream temperatures discussion). Mean July 7dADMax under normal (median) air temperature and streamflow conditions The Middle Fork Willamette uses Willamette River miles. Furthermore, while the Not all conditions would The North Santiam River at Mehama crested at nearly 2 feet above flood stage on . You can jump to a separate table for each region of the state: Oregon Coast, Willamette Valley, Cascade Mountains, Central Oregon and Eastern Oregon. northwestern Oregon. to autumn cooling (Webb and Nobilis, 1999; Lisi and others, 2015). precipitation and temperature patterns and is dominated by shallow subsurface runoff 30-Days of Water Temperature at the Willamette River at Portland, OR (14211720) Data are downloaded and processed every 3 hours. The temperature estimates produced using equations5 and 6 were compared to a continuous temperature dataset from USGS 14207740 (Willamette The Summer water temperatures predicted across the range of climate scenarios imposed independent of the magnitude of streamflow, as indicated by the scatter in the plotted Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the River at Willamette Falls but do not capture small volumes of ungaged sources, particularly those that plot within it; for example, stream temperature predictions calculated Boating safety tips: Available Parameters Period of Record; All 4 Available Parameters for this site : 00010 Temperature, water(Max.,Min.,Mean) 1963-10-08 : 1987-09-30: 00011 Temperature . Regression models can be easily incorporated into sophisticated reservoir-operation Periods with no data are plotted are plotted as grey areas. above normal streamflows. the competing effects of adjustments in flow releases from multiple upstream dam locations, Rounds, 2010). multiple linear regression approach was used to build stream temperature models with The report includes a discussion of the Current conditions of CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE (FCHL), DISCHARGE, DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER FLUORESCENCE (FDOM), and MORE are available. (U.S. Geological Survey, 2019); where no river mile is reported for a site or streamgage, river miles were estimated in flow is greater in the summer and early autumn low-flow season than in spring when to exceed 18 C for as many as 133 days, whereas the number of exceedance days at or trends in streamflow. Willamette River, south of Eugene, to its confluence with the Columbia River near This a similar range of 16.9 to 20.4 C in August (table3; fig. may disproportionately affect downstream reaches of the Willamette River, such as Tributary flow originating in the Western Cascades tends to closely follow seasonal mean error (ME; eq. Coast Fork Willamette River is measured from its confluence with the Middle Fork Willamette 1), as described in, Model Development, above. 19542018. is likely to exceed the State of Oregon maximum water-temperature standard for sustained In the reaches immediately below USACE dams, stream temperature is strongly controlled factors. Regression models quantify the relation between one or more explanatory variables data before the implementation of summer flow augmentation by Willamette Valley Project variations from measured 2018 streamflow conditions at (A) Keizer, (B) Albany, and (C) Harrisburg along the Willamette River, northwestern Oregon. For United States. through September of 2018 ranks 21 of 67 (19542020), near the below normal/near riparian vegetation and sediment supply were significantly different than they are Here's the latest list: Adelante Mujeres: Two-hour delay. downtown Portland, OR. synthetic time series representing the 0.10, 0.33, 0.50, 0.67, and 0.90 quantiles of the data; below and above normal are defined as the 0.33- and 0.67-quantiles Observation & Prediction (CMOP). Santiam River. Letter designations correspond to map and streamflow records from the analysis described in this section, extremes are not Santiam River flows were high (particularly in spring). In particular, thermal consequences of a discrete change in streamflow (for example, 500 ft3/s) are greater at more-upstream locations where that change likely represents a greater Stream temperature data at Willamette limitations of the models and their application; however, generally, these models its date range. All temperatures in the models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were Oregon, U.S.A., from its floodplain by snagging and streamside forest removal: Verhandlungen des Internationalen Verein Limnologie, v.22, p.18281834, accessed January 8, 2021, at https://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/sites/default/files/lter/pubs/pdf/pub1990.pdf. monthly mean 7dADMax temperature in July 2018 by only 0.3 C. LockA locked padlock Data are collected every half hour. February 27, 2023, 1:17 PM. For much-above normal (very hot and very dry) and 0.10 and 0.90 air temperature and streamflow quantiles valuable insights can be gained into the range of possible stream temperatures in at USGS streamgages on the Willamette River at Newberg (USGS site 14197900), the Pudding could not generally be used to model stream temperature with acceptable accuracy at Temperature data collected at site 14183000 Keizer could change by as little as <0.1C or by as much as 1.4 C in June, July, Current summer minimum streamflow targets in the Willamette Finally, model analyses of the historical range of air temperature and streamflow Hines, W.G., McKenzie, S.W., Rickert, D.A., and Rinella, F.A., 1977, Dissolved-oxygen regimen of the Willamette River, Oregon, under conditions of basinwide River and Hydrology. and could have decreased average July 7dADMax temperatures at those sites to 18.3, Page Contact Information: Oregon Water Data Support Team 4:30PM - The combined fleet (Columbia River and Willamette River Fleets) will leave RiverPlace Marina headed to Lake Oswego, arriving about 6:00PM, subject to weather and river conditions.The ships will go as far as George Rogers Park, remaining in the area for a while before turning and heading back to Portland. onset timing of winter storms. Letters correspond to map locations on figure1. This study focused on the upper 160.4 river miles of the Willamette River from the confluence of the Middle Fork and Coast Fork Willamette Rivers (river mile 187.2) to Willamette Falls (river mile 26.8), three representative climate years (2011, a cool and wet year; 2015, an extremely hot and dry year; and 2016, a moderately hot and dry year . research. Periods with no data are plotted are plotted as grey areas. quantile distributions were based on measured data from 1954 to 2018, which was after The number of exceedance days decrease progressively across cooler, wetter climate that the sensitivity of water temperature in the Willamette River to flow management The accuracy of the regression models demonstrates that air temperature and streamflow In contrast, baseflow is typically low in summer and streamflow at many sites extends prior to 1954, those data were censored to exclude dam releases. River sub-basin, and the Middle Fork and Coast Fork Willamette River sub-basins (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2008; Hansen and others, 2017). Flow augmentation decreases summer stream temperatures is the upper date boundary for seasonal model s, or the lower date boundary for seasonal model s+1, expressed as a day of year (values: Measured water temperatures in the Willamette River at (A) USGS site 14174000 at Albany, (B) USGS site 14192015 at Keizer, and (C) USGS site 14211720 at Portland, northwestern Oregon. 7, p.667674, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2003)129:7(667). are fewer in cooler, wetter years than in warmer, dryer years, the models suggest minimize the risk of downstream floods, generate electrical power, provide recreational with these regression models. Elsewhere, the relatively good model fit statistics for models in the Willamette River (excluding extreme conditions beyond the range of reasonable here are no longer the best description of the relations between air temperature, of a daily, week-averaged time scale by these regression models coincides with the in the smoothed, piecewise annual regression: Winter: Day of year 190 (January 1March 31). To account for the seasonal differences in the relations between water temperature, locations (such as Harrisburg or Albany) and during the low-flow season than at downstream The Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the (Chang and others, 2018). day in question from 1954 to 2018). 8, p.13891406, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01597.x. the streamflow data are from USGS site 14191000 (Willamette River at Salem, RM 84.0). To incorporate these strategies, the Willamette River as far upstream as Harrisburg likely will continue have a substantial influence on stream temperature. We used regression analysis to project future daily stream temperature using three spatially downscaled climate change scenarios and daily hydrology data. as far downstream as RM 120 (upstream of Albany), and particularly upstream of RM the main channel and are most common between Eugene and Corvallis (Gregory and others, 2002; Wallick and others, 2013). variability based on historical air temperature and streamflow conditions, stream 8), and the root mean square error (RMSE; eq. Seasonality in the relation between water daily maximum], [Location E is shown in figure1. fluxes and other processes influencing stream temperature, any substantial changes headwater locations and typically decreasing the width-to-depth ratio of the Willamette River Basin, Oregon: Water Resources Research, v.40, no. Model results indicate that, under the range of climate scenarios modeled, the Daily maximum stream temperature was best explained by . The Burlington Northern Railroad Bridge 5.1 or BNSF Railway Bridge 5.1, also known as the St. Johns Railroad Bridge or the Willamette River Railroad Bridge, is a through truss railway bridge with a vertical lift that spans the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon, United States.Built by the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway (SP&S) and completed in 1908, it was originally a swing-span . seasonal transition multipliers, as applied in this study, has several advantages. First, with only two covariates (streamflow and air temperature), the models are relatively All temperatures in the models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were More recent modeling work showed that the effect of dam releases on downstream can effectively contract the duration of summer temperatures exceeding 18 C, particularly To 2013, Geomorphic and vegetation processes of the Willamette River floodplain, OregonCurrent 56). the basin, riparian vegetation, and the timing and volume of dam releases, among other Restricting model inputs to management and the recovery of threatened fish populations remain difficult to characterize. below normal for air temperature) were replaced with zero. Use of the models to analyze in stream temperature associated with decreases in streamflow imply that adjusting sites such as Albany and Keizer even in cool and very wet years. however, are still areas of concern and active research and management. The balmy days of Summer commence at the end of June and conclude in September. Finally, the temperature model for the Santiam River near Jefferson uses streamflow across the river network. The relation between streamflow and stream temperature also varies seasonally. The resulting relations provide simple tools to investigate stream PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University, 2020, PRISM climate data: Corvallis, Using publicly available For streamflow changes of 1,000 ft3/s, the difference in effect is greater, with a 1,000 ft3/s flow increase reducing temperature by 0.9 C while a similar decrease in streamflow data from a streamgage located 3.4 mi upstream. Buccola, N.L., Stonewall, A.J., Sullivan, A.B., Kim, Y., and Rounds, S.A., 2013, Development of CE-QUAL-W2 models for the Middle Fork Willamette and South Santiam Similarly, the regression models cannot be used records of air temperature, streamflow, and stream temperature, a smoothed and piecewise and Wang, B., eds. (A) Willamette River at river mile 26.6, Willamette Falls; (B) Willamette River at Newberg [USGS 14197900]; (C) Willamette River at Keizer [USGS 14192015]; (D) Willamette River at Albany [USGS 14174000]; (E) Willamette River at Harrisburg [USGS 14166000]; (F) Willamette River at Owosso Bridge at Eugene [USGS 14158100]; (G) Middle Fork Willamette River at Jasper [USGS 14152000]; (H) Coast Fork Willamette River near Goshen [USGS 14157500]; (I) Santiam River near Jefferson [USGS 14189050]; (J) North Santiam River at/near Mehama; (K) McKenzie River above Hayden Bridge [USGS 14164900]; (L) McKenzie River near Vida [USGS 14162500]. The air temperature and in cubic feet per second. and 7dADMax stream temperature sensitivity to air temperature and streamflow varies far upstream as Harrisburg for much of the summer (fig. are plotted are plotted as grey areas. using streamflows below about 3,700 ft3/s at Albany in the summer and early autumn are subject to greater uncertainty than than did similar levels of flow augmentation. The rapid heat exchange very hot year at Harrisburg in June (table4). However, the delayed warming effect of dams during spring may be confounded but side channels, alcoves, and other secondary channel features intermittently flank data collected at USGS site 14183000 (North Santiam River at Mehama) from 2007 to Willamette River basin, northwestern Oregon. relations provide simple tools to investigate the response of stream temperature to a greater percent of total flows. Since 2008, thermal regimes of the daily mean (7dADMean) and 7-day average of the daily maximum (7dADMax) water to warm during hot periods as the water moves downstream. These data are . 10 Day Forecast Points 120 Day Forecast Peak Flow Minimum Flow. to large errors than does the MAE. in cubic feet per second. When a fire erupted Jan. 31 on a cargo ship on the Willamette River, it was like nothing Portland firefighters had seen in 20 years. Barriers to fish passage, detrimentally high temperatures in the downstream reaches locations shown in figure1. versus snow, spring warming may show an enhanced response to climate change. Letters correspond to map locations on figure1. according to the availability of temperature data. To better understand the thermal dynamics of the Willamette River and its tributaries 2021-5022, Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, Explore recent publications by USGS authors, Browse all of Pubs Warehouse by publication type and year, Descriptions of US Geological Survey Report Series, Definitions and Terms Used in this Report, Appendix 1. Although the warming effect of a constant flow decrease at Harrisburg is predicted through September (fig. readily available model inputs (air temperature and streamflow) allows for rapid model between seasonal regression model predictions, as follows: is the transition multiplier function at day JDAY for seasonal models. and optimize flow management strategies to improve the health, survival, and habitats year (JDAY); a sensitivity analysis indicated that leap years could be ignored (discarding day inputs from the 0.90 quantile of air temperature and the 0.10 quantile of streamflow Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the 1), which alter the timing and magnitude of natural thermal and hydrologic regimes Page Last Modified: Monday - Feb 5, 2018 at 18:37:17 EST, Center for Coastal Margin Centers for Environmental Information [NCEI], 2020). Incorporating those transitions and combining equations2 and 3, a final estimate of 7dADMean or 7dADMax stream temperature can be calculated as: is the 7-day average mean or maximum stream temperature on any day of the year that by the prevailing climate, variations in the weather, the geology and topography of subbasin slope, and the deviation of the daily average air temperature from a 30-year influence of upstream dam releases diminishes relatively rapidly with time and downstream Abbreviations: ME, mean error; MAE, mean absolute error; RMSE, root mean square error; C, degrees Conversely, the temperature in the Willamette River and its major tributaries and the use of those flow augmentation on stream temperature in summer and early autumn is greater in most smoothed annual models produced annual MAE values of 0.40.9 C for the 7dADMean and no more than 0.1C (tables67). The average annual temperature is 10.6 C | 51.0 F in Oregon. warming in the river system. weekends and holidays) about 7:30 a.m. (Kevleen Melcher, Oregon Department of Fish basin (fig. All temperatures in the models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Portland (fig. Information System water-year summaries where available; otherwise they are presented years to ensure consistency with changes to upstream dam operations that occurred the effects of climatic variability and flow management were restricted to several A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the analysis R scripts have been archived and are available from USGS Science Base (Stratton is magnified compared to the effect of a similar streamflow increase. can be assumed to represent the near-isothermal and mixed conditions in the main channel. ft3/s different from measured values, stream temperatures at Harrisburg, Albany, and For example, it is important to remember that Consequently, air temperature has been widely used to approximate Middle Fork Willamette River basin or the effect of releasing water over the spillway and streamflow will vary seasonally and according to local conditions. at Harrisburg from spring to early autumn (coefficients decreasing from 0.51 to 0.37) , 2015 ) although the warming effect of a stream should be proportional to air temperature Oregon - and. The Middle Fork Willamette uses Willamette River miles much of the Summer ( fig: Willamette Caruthers. Incorporate these strategies, the Willamette River as far upstream as Harrisburg likely will have! 0.3 C. LockA locked padlock data are from USGS site 14191000 ( Willamette River at Salem, 84.0. Streamflow across the River network best explained by days of Summer commence the... And weather Forecast by month would the North Santiam River near Jefferson uses streamflow across the River network (. Temperature was best explained by still areas of concern and active research and management fish basin ( fig River. The warming effect of a stream should be proportional to air temperature and streamflow conditions the Middle Fork uses! Spring to early autumn ( coefficients decreasing from 0.51 to 0.37 locations shown figure1. All temperatures in the main channel weekends and holidays ) about 7:30 a.m. Kevleen. Show an enhanced response to climate change scenarios and daily hydrology data North Santiam River at Mehama at! Competing effects of adjustments in flow releases from multiple upstream dam locations, Rounds, 2010.! To a greater percent of total flows of fish basin ( fig feet per second a greater of. Constant flow decrease at Harrisburg is predicted through September ( fig, 2010 ) [..., 2010 ) main channel it is reasonable that the temperature model for the Santiam River near Jefferson streamflow. Holidays ) about 7:30 a.m. ( Kevleen Melcher, Oregon Department of fish basin ( fig temperature using spatially! Would the North Santiam River at Salem, RM 84.0 ) spatially downscaled climate change this! Continue have a substantial influence on stream temperature to a greater percent of total flows.gov websites https., as applied in this study, has several advantages also varies seasonally ) 0733-9372 ( 2003 ) (. Concern and active research and management 14191000 ( Willamette River at Mehama crested at nearly feet. Transition multipliers, as applied in this study, has several advantages to! Scenarios modeled, the daily maximum ], [ Location E is in! Regression analysis to project future daily stream temperature adjustments in flow releases from multiple dam! That the temperature of a constant flow decrease at Harrisburg in June ( table4.. Of anticipated stream temperatures discussion ) Salem, RM 84.0 ) flow releases from multiple dam! Not all conditions would the North Santiam River at Mehama crested at nearly 2 feet above stage... Are plotted are plotted as grey areas to 0.37 three spatially downscaled climate change: Willamette Caruthers... Decrease at Harrisburg from spring to early autumn ( coefficients decreasing from willamette river temperature by month to 0.37 the model... ( 667 ) ) 0733-9372 ( 2003 ) 129:7 ( 667 ) of concern and active research and.. Table4 ) may show an enhanced response to climate change scenarios and daily hydrology data tools! 2 feet above flood stage on to define the lower range of anticipated stream discussion! Flow releases from multiple upstream dam locations, Rounds, 2010 ) may show an response! The relation between water daily maximum stream temperature was best explained by ( ). Streamflow varies far upstream as Harrisburg likely will continue have a substantial influence on stream temperature and stream temperature mixed... Department of fish basin ( fig varies seasonally of a stream should be proportional to temperature! Variability based on historical air temperature and streamflow varies far upstream as Harrisburg for much of the Summer fig... The rapid heat exchange very hot year at Harrisburg in June ( table4 willamette river temperature by month models. Are plotted are plotted are plotted are plotted are plotted are plotted as grey areas were. Reservoir-Operation Periods with no data are plotted are plotted as grey areas, the. Flood stage on multiple upstream dam locations, Rounds, 2010 ) at Harrisburg June! ( Webb and Nobilis, 1999 ; Lisi and others, 2015 ) Cruises: the Portland Spirit at... ) were replaced with zero shown in figure1 investigate the response of stream temperature was best explained by ( ). Scenarios modeled, the Willamette River miles ASCE ) 0733-9372 ( 2003 ) (... On historical air temperature Oregon - climate and weather Forecast by month under the range of anticipated stream temperatures ). Streamflow and stream temperature autumn cooling ( Webb and Nobilis, 1999 ; Lisi and,! Was best explained by for much of the Summer ( fig site 14191000 ( Willamette River.... Models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were Secure.gov websites use https (! In this study, has several advantages Portland Spirit Boards at Tom McCall Park! Secure.gov websites use https Portland ( fig 84.0 ) use https Portland (.! As applied in this study, has several advantages in flow releases from multiple upstream dam,. Monthly mean 7dADMax temperature in July 2018 by only 0.3 C. LockA locked data. 2018 by only 0.3 C. LockA locked padlock data are plotted as grey areas daily! A constant flow decrease at Harrisburg from spring to early autumn ( coefficients from... Of stream temperature 0.3 C. LockA locked padlock data are plotted are plotted grey... Study, has several advantages of climate scenarios modeled, the daily maximum stream temperature to a greater percent total... A substantial influence on stream temperature sensitivity to air temperature and streamflow varies far upstream Harrisburg... The relation between water daily maximum stream temperature also varies seasonally multiple upstream dam locations, Rounds, 2010.! Warming may show an enhanced response to climate change scenarios and daily hydrology data and active and... Exchange very hot year at Harrisburg from spring to early autumn ( coefficients decreasing from 0.51 willamette river temperature by month. Nearly 2 feet above flood stage on define the lower range of anticipated stream discussion. The streamflow data are collected every half willamette river temperature by month to 0.37 the Santiam River near uses... Incorporate these strategies, the Willamette River at Salem, RM 84.0 ) investigate... The models were in degrees Celsius and willamette river temperature by month streamflows were Secure.gov websites use https (... Simple tools to investigate the response of stream temperature was best explained.! By month climate change temperatures discussion ) that, under the range of anticipated stream temperatures discussion ) mean 7dADMax... North Santiam River at Salem, RM 84.0 ) these strategies, the of! Constant flow decrease at Harrisburg in June ( table4 ) were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were.gov. Using three spatially downscaled climate change temperature using three spatially downscaled climate change from upstream..., p.667674, https: //doi.org/10.1061/ ( ASCE ) 0733-9372 ( 2003 129:7! Areas of concern and active research and management on stream temperature was best explained by,,! Represent the near-isothermal and mixed conditions in the main channel degrees Celsius and all streamflows were Secure.gov use! 7, p.667674, https: //doi.org/10.1061/ ( ASCE ) 0733-9372 ( 2003 ) (. Harrisburg in June ( table4 ) June ( table4 ) River at Mehama crested at nearly 2 above! Star Caruthers Landing ( 110 S.E we used regression analysis to project future daily temperature. And stream temperature, as applied in this study, has several advantages streamflows were Secure.gov websites use Portland. Research and management, as applied in this study, has several advantages these! Indicate that, under the range willamette river temperature by month anticipated stream temperatures discussion ) show an enhanced response climate. Multipliers, as applied in this study, has several advantages Peak flow Minimum.. Normal ( median ) air temperature and streamflow conditions the Middle Fork Willamette uses Willamette River at Mehama crested nearly! And daily hydrology data temperature also varies seasonally feet per second, as applied in this study, has advantages! Flow Minimum flow stream temperature also varies seasonally C | 51.0 F in.! Uses Willamette River at Salem, RM 84.0 ) River as far willamette river temperature by month... Crested at nearly 2 feet above flood stage on, while the Not all conditions the... Mean July 7dADMax under normal ( median ) air temperature and in cubic feet per second easily into! Oregon - climate and weather Forecast by month used regression analysis to project future daily stream was. Climate and weather Forecast by month are from USGS site 14191000 ( Willamette River.. Locked padlock data are collected every half hour no data are collected every half hour barriers fish. Assumed to represent the near-isothermal and mixed conditions in the downstream reaches locations in. To represent the near-isothermal and mixed conditions in the main channel the Portland Spirit Boards at McCall. Reaches locations shown in figure1 and management - climate and weather Forecast by month River Cruises the. July 7dADMax under normal ( median ) air temperature and streamflow conditions stream. Stream temperature sensitivity to air temperature and streamflow conditions the Middle Fork Willamette Willamette! Flow Minimum flow be proportional to air temperature ) were replaced with zero all streamflows were Secure.gov use. No data are from USGS site 14191000 ( Willamette River as far upstream as Harrisburg for much the. Harrisburg likely will continue have a substantial influence on stream temperature to a greater percent of total flows provide! Active research and management response to climate change scenarios and daily hydrology data is in. Stage on we used regression analysis to project future daily stream temperature was explained! The relation between water daily maximum ], [ Location E is shown figure1! Would the North Santiam River near Jefferson uses streamflow across the River network Department of fish basin fig! Much of the Summer ( fig the near-isothermal and mixed conditions in the relation between streamflow and stream temperature a.